One of the most important skills to learn in today’s world is to know how to write a computer program. Computers have entered almost every industry, whether that’s the autopilot in an aircraft or the digital speedometer in your bike today, almost every product and service makes use of computers in some way. So then, what are the best programming languages to learn?
Well, programming and developer communities are evolving at a faster rate than ever before. Several new programming languages and frameworks are popping up, suited for different categories of developers (beginners, intermediate, and experts) and for different use cases (web application, mobile applications, game development, distributed system, etc).
which are the best programming language to of the future?
the future technology programming languages from 2022-2030 that you as programmer or developer should pay attention to, because when programmers decide to start their journey of programming or developing they face challenges such as not knowing where to start.
that's why we prepared this list of best hot cake programming languages from 2022-2030
NOTE: THIS ONLY BASED ON FUTURE CREER GROWTH SUPPORT.
1. Java.
java was originally developed by James Gosling at sun microsystems and released in May 1995 as a core components of sun microsystems
java is high level class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible it is a general purpose programming language intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere (WORA).
meaning that compiled java code can run on all platforms that support java without the need to recompile.
java applications are typically compiled to bytecode that can run on any java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture.
the syntax of java is similar to C and C++, but has fewer low-level facilities than either of them.
the java runtime provides dynamic capabilities (such as reflection and runtime code modification )that are typically not available in traditional compiled languages.
As of 2019, java was of the most popular programming languages in use according to Github particularly for client-server web applications, with a reported 9 million developers.
2. Python
Guido van Rossum began working on Python in the late 1980s as a successor to the ABC programming language and first released it in 1991 as Python 0.9.0. Python 2.0 was released in 2000 and introduced new features such as list comprehensions, cycle-detecting garbage collection, reference counting, and Unicode support. Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision that is not completely backward-compatible with earlier versions. Python 2 was discontinued with version 2.7.18 in 2020.
Python consistently ranks as one of the most popular programming languages.
Python is a high-level, interpreted, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation.
Python is dynamically-typed and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly procedural), object-oriented and functional programming. It is often described as a "batteries included" language due to its comprehensive standard library.
Python was conceived in the late 1980s by Guido van Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI) in the Netherlands as a successor to the ABC programming language, which was inspired by SETL, capable of exception handling and interfacing with the Amoeba operating system. Its implementation began in December 1989. Van Rossum shouldered sole responsibility for the project, as the lead developer, until 12 July 2018, when he announced his "permanent vacation" from his responsibilities as Python's "benevolent dictator for life", a title the Python community bestowed upon him to reflect his long-term commitment as the project's chief decision-maker. In January 2019, active Python core developers elected a five-member Steering Council to lead the project.
Python 2.0 was released on 16 October 2000, with many major new features. Python 3.0, released on 3 December 2008, with many of its major features backported to Python 2.6.x[48] and 2.7.x. Releases of Python 3 include the 2to3 utility, which automates the translation of Python 2 code to Python 3.
Python 2.7's end-of-life was initially set for 2015, then postponed to 2020 out of concern that a large body of existing code could not easily be forward-ported to Python 3. No further security patches or other improvements will be released for it. With Python 2's end-of-life, only Python 3.6.x and later were supported. Later, support for 3.6 was also discontinued. In 2021, Python 3.9.2 and 3.8.8 were expedited as all versions of Python (including 2.7) had security issues leading to possible remote code execution[57] and web cache poisoning.
In 2022, Python 3.10.4 and 3.9.12 were expedited and so were older releases including 3.8.13, and 3.7.13 because of many security issues in 2022. Python 3.9.13 is the latest 3.9 version, and from now on 3.9 (and older; 3.8 and 3.7) will only get security updates.
What is common between Netflix, Google, Uber, Spotify, Apple and Microsoft? All these giants of their industries believe the answer to the question "What is the future of Python?" is that it is extremely bright. In 2021, Python celebrated the 30th anniversary of its launch and showed no signs of slowing down in developing as the most preferred programming language in the contemporary world.
With more than 25 million amateur users and more than 8 million professional developers trusting Python as their go-to language, it seems to be in the lead position going into the third decade of the 21st Century. In this blog post, we will look at what the future has in store for Python and what Python has in store for us in the future.
It must be mentioned that Python's future-making ability is no mere accident: years of steady corporate investments from companies like Google and Amazon Web Services have ensured that Python has the best support ecosystem it needs to thrive as a programming language. The dues seem to have paid off: Python today boasts of an extremely immersive and trustworthy community that stands by its programmers and developers by offering well-rounded peer to peer support.
3. Swift
Development of Swift started in July 2010 by Chris Lattner, with the eventual collaboration of many other programmers at Apple. Swift took language ideas "from Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C#, CLU, and far too many others to list".[7] On June 2, 2014, the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) application became the first publicly released app written with Swift.
A beta version of the programming language was released to registered Apple developers at the conference, but the company did not promise that the final version of Swift would be source code compatible with the test version. Apple planned to make source code converters available if needed for the full release.
The Swift Programming Language, a free 500-page manual, was also released at WWDC, and is available on the Apple book Store and the official website.
Swift reached the 1.0 milestone on September 9, 2014, with the Gold Master of Xcode 6.0 for iOS. Swift 1.1 was released on October 22, 2014, alongside the launch of Xcode 6.1. Swift 1.2 was released on April 8, 2015, along with Xcode 6.3. Swift 2.0 was announced at WWDC 2015, and was made available for publishing apps in the App Store in September 21, 2015. Swift 3.0 was released on September 13, 2016. Swift 4.0 was released on September 19, 2017. Swift 4.1 was released on March 29, 2018.
Swift won first place for Most Loved Programming Language in the Stack Over Flow Developer Survey 2015 and second place in 2016.
On December 3, 2015, the Swift language, supporting libraries, debugger, and package manager were open-sourced under the Apache 2.0 license with a Runtime Library Exception, and Swift was created to host the project. The source code is hosted on GitHub, where it is easy for anyone to get the code, build it themselves, and even create pull requests to contribute code back to the project.
In December 2015, IBM announced its Swift Sandbox website, which allows developers to write Swift code in one pane and display output in another. The Swift Sandbox was deprecated in January 2018.
During the WWDC 2016, Apple announced an ipad exclusive app named playgrounds, intended to teach people how to code in Swift. The app is presented in a 3D video game like interface which provides feedback when lines of code are placed in a certain order and executed.
In January 2017, Chris Lattner announced his departure from Apple for a new position with Tesla Motors, with the Swift project lead role going to team veteran Ted Kremenek.
During WWDC 2019, Apple announced SwiftUI with Xcode 11, which provides a framework for declarative UI structure design across all Apple platforms.
Official downloads for the Ubuntu distribution of Linux have been available since Swift 2.2, with more distros added since Swift 5.2.4, CentOS and Amazon Linux. There is an unofficial SDK and native toolchain package for Android too.
In fact, Swift has already captured the majority of the market since its arrival.
But, if you’re an iOS app developer who still thinks otherwise, we’re going to change your mind.
In this post, we’re going to explain everything you need to know about Swift and why Swift is the future for iOS app developers.
Swift – An Introduction
Swift is a pro-developer programming language that was developed to be friendly for beginners.
In fact, Swift as a programming language is even considered as very close to the English language as it’s easy to understand and code.
Besides this, Swift is also an instinctive and authoritative programming language you can use to develop apps for all Apple products.
It was basically designed and launched in the market to replace Objective-C that has been in existence since 1984.
Swift is also very easy to maintain as Xcode(IDE) automagically senses code errors in real-time. And the main advantage of Swift for an iOS developer is that it’s an open-source language, And the best part is, using Swift you can build Apps for Iphones and iOS iPad, MacBook, Apple Watch, and Apple TV, which are basically all Apple products.
4. JavaScript
Future is uncertain and mysterious. However, these very qualities of the forthcoming motivate humans to try to predict it, may it be in the context of human existence or technology. Talking about technology, programming languages have become vital to it in the 21st-century.
We’ve all sorts of programming languages capable of accomplishing a diverse range of tasks. JavaScript is one of the leading programming languages. In fact, it is called the programming language of the web. JS is a part of the ever-increasing number of programming options, many of which are, in actual fact, inspired from it.
The advent of Node.js enabled JS to extend its reaches to the server-side. It became much easier for organisations to come in contact with full-stack developers that can work on both the frontend and backend using JavaScript. Hence, there is no need for cross-checking the fact that JS is among the best programming languages to start learning in 2019.
JavaScript is the main powerhouse behind the rapidly evolving Internet. It is the present and will be the future. The rampant development of the high-level programming language asserts to the fact of JavaScript is the future. Still not convinced? Well, here are some reasons supporting the notion:
Empowers Over 95% of The Web – As of today (20th December 2018), 95.1% of the Internet is powered by JavaScript. The stats are likely to increase in the near future
Excellent Choice of Frameworks – AngularJS, Ember.js Metero.js, ReactJS, and VueJS are just a few of the wide variety of frameworks available for JavaScript
Superfast – ECMAScript 6 and related technologies are developed for modern web requirements, where speed is a must..
Readily Available Packages – There is a package for almost everything you can think of. In fact, npm is the world’s largest software registry with a total of over 800,000 build blocks. So, the possibilities of creating with JavaScript are simply immense
JavaScript often abbreviated JS, is a programming language that is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and CSS, Over 97% of websites use JavaScript on the client side for web page behaviour often incorporating third-party libraries, All major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to execute the code on users' devices.
JavaScript is a high-level, often just-in-time compiled language that conforms to the ECMAScript standard.[14] It has dynamic typing, prototype-based object-orientation, and first-class functions. It is multi-paradigm, supporting event-driven, functional, and imperative programming styles. It has application programming interfaces (APIs) for working with text, dates, regular expressions, standard data structures, and the Document Object Model (DOM).
The ECMAScript standard does not include any input/output (I/O), such as networking, storage, or graphics facilities. In practice, the web browser or other runtime system provides JavaScript APIs for I/O.
JavaScript engines were originally used only in web browsers, but are now core components of some servers and a variety of applications. The most popular runtime system for this usage is Node.js.
Although Java and JavaScript are similar in name, syntax, and respective standard libraries, the two languages are distinct and differ greatly in design.
5. C#
C# is a general-purpose computer programming language. It was created in the 1970s by Dennis Ritchie, and remains very widely used and influential. By design, C's features cleanly reflect the capabilities of the targeted CPUs. It has found lasting use in operating systems, device drivers, protocol stacks, though decreasingly for application software, and is common in computer architectures that range from the largest supercomputers to the smallest microcontrollers and embedded systems.
A successor to the programming language B, C was originally developed at Bell Labs by Dennis Ritchie between 1972 and 1973 to construct utilities running on Unix. It was applied to re-implementing the kernel of the Unix operating system.
During the 1980s, C gradually gained popularity. It has become one of the most widely used programming languages, with C compilers available for almost all modern computer architectures and operating systems. C has been standardized by ANSI since 1989 (ANSI C) and by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
C is an imperative procedural language supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope, and recursion, with a static type system. It was designed to be compiled to provide low-level access to memory and language constructs that map efficiently to machine instructions, all with minimal runtime support. Despite its low-level capabilities, the language was designed to encourage cross-platform programming. A standards-compliant C program written with portability in mind can be compiled for a wide variety of computer platforms and operating systems with few changes to its source code.
Since 2000, C has consistently ranked among the top two languages in the TIOBE index, a measure of the popularity of programming languages.
Two decades after its creation, C# continues to be one of the most widely used programming languages. Also stylized as C Sharp, it was created by Microsoft. Sun (later bought by Oracle) did not want Microsoft to make changes to Java, so Microsoft chose to create their language instead.
From the ground up, C# was designed with simplicity and readability in mind. C# was inspired by Java, C, and C++. By integrating incipient concepts such as value types, properties, and events, the programmers took the best components of them and innovated further. C# was released alongside Microsoft Visual Studio, where programmers could build their Windows-based software.
It’s a popular opinion that C# was supposed to be just a clone of Java. However, starting from version 2.0, C# moved in a different direction and much faster. For instance, lambda expressions were years ahead of Java.
C# quickly won the hearts and minds of developers. It is a very mature language that evolved significantly over the years. Microsoft had built C# only for Windows applications. But now it’s used for the console, android, ios, and machine learning software.
6. PhP
PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared toward web development It was originally created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994.
The PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP Group. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.
PHP code is usually processed on a web server by a PHP interpreter implemented as a module, a daemon or as a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable. On a web server, the result of the interpreted and executed PHP code – which may be any type of data, such as generated HTML or binary image data – would form the whole or part of an HTTP response. Various web template systems, web content management systems, and web frameworks exist which can be employed to orchestrate or facilitate the generation of that response. Additionally, PHP can be used for many programming tasks outside the web context, such as standalone graphical applications and robotic drone control. PHP code can also be directly executed from the command line.
The standard PHP interpreter, powered by the Zend Engine, is free software released under the PHP License. PHP has been widely ported and can be deployed on most web servers on a variety of operating systems and platforms.
The PHP language evolved without a written formal specification or standard until 2014, with the original implementation acting as the de facto standard which other implementations aimed to follow. Since 2014, work has gone on to create a formal PHP specification.
W3Techs reports that, as of January 2022, "PHP is used by 78.1% of all the websites whose server-side programming language we know.” PHP version 7.4 is the most used version. Support for version 7.3 was dropped on 6 December 2021.
Although there is a lot of discussion about the future of PHP, it is clear that PHP does have a future. It is by far the most used programming language for websites. PHP has been around for a while now and this is reflected in the code. There's a lot of old stuff that means the best solution is not always clear.
7. Kotlin
Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose programming language with type inference. Kotlin is designed to interoperate fully with Java, and the JVM version of Kotlin's standard library depends on the Java Class Library,[failed verification] but type inference allows its syntax to be more concise.
Kotlin mainly targets the JVM, but also compiles to JavaScript (e.g., for frontend web applications using React or native code via LLVM (e.g., for native iOS apps sharing business logic with Android apps). Language development costs are borne by JetBrains, while the Kotlin Foundation protects the Kotlin trademark.
On 7 May 2019, Google announced that the Kotlin programming language is now its preferred language for Android app developers. Since the release of Android Studio 3.0 in October 2017, Kotlin has been included as an alternative to the standard Java compiler. The Android Kotlin compiler produces Java 8 bytecode by default (which runs in any later JVM), but lets the programmer choose to target Java 9 up to 17, for optimisation, or allows for more features; has bidirectional record class interoperability support for JVM, introduced in Java 16, considered stable as of Kotlin 1.5.
Kotlin support for compilation directly to JavaScript (i.e., the classic back-end) is considered stable since version 1.3, while the new Kotlin/JS(IR) is in beta as of version 1.5.30. The new optimized implementations of Kotlin/JVM(IR) and Kotlin/JS (IR-based) were introduced in version 1.4. Kotlin/JVM(IR) is considered stable and enabled by default since version 1.5. Kotlin/Native (for e.g. Apple silicon support) is considered beta since version 1.3.
The future is bright for Kotlin
This is because of many reasons. One of these reasons is because Kotlin is a particularly modern programming language, meaning that it brings together all the best features of the previous languages. Kotlin is also easy to learn, while still having powerful and complex features.
8. Scala
Scala is a strong statically typed general-purpose programming language which supports both object-oriented programming and functional programming. Designed to be concise, many of Scala's design decisions are aimed to address criticisms of Java.
Scala source code can be compiled to Java bytecode and run on a Java virtual machine (JVM). Scala provides language interoperability with Java so that libraries written in either language may be referenced directly in Scala or Java code. Like Java, Scala is object-oriented, and uses a syntax termed curly-brace which is similar to the language C. Since Scala 3, there is also an option to use the off-side rule (indenting) to structure blocks, and its use is advised. Martin Odersky has said that this turned out to be the most productive change introduced in Scala 3.
Unlike Java, Scala has many features of functional programming languages (like Scheme, Standard ML, and Haskell), including currying, immutability, lazy evaluation, and pattern matching. It also has an advanced type system supporting algebraic data types, covariance and contra-variance, higher-order types (but not higher-rank types), and anonymous types. Other features of Scala not present in Java include operator overloading, optional parameters, named parameters, and raw strings. Conversely, a feature of Java not in Scala is checked exceptions, which has proved controversial.
The name Scala is a portmanteau of scalable and language, signifying that it is designed to grow with the demands of its users.
Scala is actually still used very often, and it likely will not suddenly disappear anytime soon. That being said, those picking up Scala for Data Science in particular might want to also learn another language as well.
9. C++
C++ is a general-purpose programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C programming language, or "C with Classes". The language has expanded significantly over time, and modern C++ now has object-oriented, generic, and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It is almost always implemented as a compiled language, and many vendors provide C++ compilers, including the Free Software Foundation, LLVM, Microsoft, Intel, Oracle, and IBM, so it is available on many platforms.
C++ was designed with an orientation toward systems programming and embedded, resource-constrained software and large systems, with performance, efficiency, and flexibility of use as its design highlights. C++ has also been found useful in many other contexts, with key strengths being software infrastructure and resource-constrained applications, including desktop applications, video games, servers (e.g. e-commerce, web search, or databases), and performance-critical applications (e.g. telephone switches or space probes).
C++ is standardised by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), with the latest standard version ratified and published by ISO in December 2020 as ISO/IEC 14882:2020 (informally known as C++20).
The C++ programming language was initially standardized in 1998 as ISO/IEC 14882:1998, which was then amended by the C++03, C++11, C++14, and C++17 standards. The current C++20 standard supersedes these with new features and an enlarged standard library. Before the initial standardization in 1998, C++ was developed by Stroustrup at Bell Labs since 1979 as an extension of the C language; he wanted an efficient and flexible language similar to C that also provided high-level features for program organization. Since 2012, C++ has been on a three-year release schedule with C++23 as the next planned standard.
C++ is slated to only get more and more accurate as the years go on. A modern language is needed in a modern, digital era, and that means accuracy is at the forefront of the future of C++. Programmers who are fluent in the language often know more than one, and thus, the rate of accuracy is a lot higher.
10. Rust
Rust is a multi-paradigm, general-purpose programming language designed for performance and safety, especially safe concurrency. Syntactically similar to C++ Rust is notable for enforcing memory safety — that is, that all references point to valid memory — without requiring the use of a garbage collector or reference counting like other memory-safe languages. Memory safety is enforced by the compiler's borrow checker, which tracks object lifetime and variable scope as references are passed throughout the program.
Rust is considered a systems programming language with mechanisms for low-level memory management, but also offers high-level features such as functional programming.
First appearing in 2010, Rust was designed by Graydon Hoare at Mozilla Research with contributions from Dave Herman, Brendan Eich, and others. The designers refined the language while writing the Servo experimental browser engine and the Rust compiler. Rust's major influences include C++, OCaml, Haskell, and Erlang. Rust has seen adoption in industry by companies including Amazon, Discord, Dropbox, Facebook (Meta), Google (Alphabet), and Microsoft.
Rust has been noted for its growth as a newer language and has been studied academically. Rust has been voted the "most loved programming language" in the Stack Overflow Developer Survey every year since 2016, and was used by 7% of the respondents in 2021.
In the Stack overflow 2020 survey, Rust was picked as #1 most loved programming language, thanks to 86% of developers who said they would continue using it. For the language creators, this is nothing new – Rust has been winning the survey ever since 2016.
